Hupopodion denotes what is beneath the feet, especially enemies made a footstool, and also the earth or a place under a footstool.

The dominant use places enemies as a footstool for someone's feet. The remaining verses apply the same beneath-the-feet image to the earth or to the place where a poor man is told to sit.

1. Enemies placed as a footstool · dominant

   In Acts 2:35, Hebrews 1:13, Hebrews 10:13, and Luke 20:43, the singular noun occurs in clauses about enemies being placed or made as a footstool for feet. In Hebrews 1:13 the APB renders the command and outcome, "Sit at my right until I place your enemies as a footstool of your feet," while Hebrews 10:13 presents waiting until that result occurs.

   Acts 2:35Hebrews 1:13Hebrews 10:13Luke 20:43
2. Beneath-the-feet reference · common

   In Acts 7:49 and Matthew 5:35, the nominative singular noun identifies the earth in relation to feet; the APB renders, "the earth is the footstool for my feet" and "it is the footstool of his feet." In James 2:3, the accusative singular form occurs in the instruction to the poor man, "You stand or sit there under my footstool."

   Acts 7:49Matthew 5:35James 2:3

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across the cited verses, the APB regularly presents the term with "footstool," whether enemies are made one, the earth is one, or someone sits "under my footstool." Because the APB is a whole-verse translation, these renderings show the clauses' presentation rather than a precise token-by-token equivalence.