peripipto describes coming upon an obstacle or falling into harmful circumstances, including robbers and temptations.

The dominant attested use describes falling into adverse circumstances: a man comes among robbers in Luke 10:30, and believers may encounter various temptations in James 1:2. Acts 27:41 shows a more concrete encounter, where a ship comes upon a sandbar and runs aground.

1. Falling into adverse circumstances · dominant

   In Luke 10:30, the aorist active indicative describes the man’s encounter with robbers, after which they strip and wound him. In James 1:2, the aorist active subjunctive occurs in the clause about encountering various temptations; the APB renders the verse, “whenever you fall into various temptations.”

   Luke 10:30James 1:2
2. Coming upon a physical obstacle · occasional

   In Acts 27:41, the aorist active nominative plural masculine participle occurs as the ship strikes a sandbar; the APB renders the resulting scene, “They struck a sandbar and the ship ran aground.”

   Acts 27:41

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the term with “fall into” in James 1:2 and “fell among” in Luke 10:30, while Acts 27:41 describes the ship as having “struck a sandbar.” These phrases confirm the verse settings rather than provide a fixed English equivalent.