Penthera denotes a woman identified by her relationship to a son- or daughter-in-law, in household and family-conflict scenes.

The attested use identifies a woman through her relation to a son- or daughter-in-law: in household scenes involving Simon or Peter and in sayings that set members of a family against one another.

1. Woman identified within an in-law relationship · dominant

   The nominative singular form identifies Simon's or Peter's relative in the household scenes of Luke 4:38 and Mark 1:30; in Matthew 8:14, the accusative singular form is the woman Jesus saw in Peter's home. In Luke 12:53 and Matthew 10:35, the term occurs in paired family relations within statements of division; the APB renders the clauses "mother-in-law against her daughter-in-law" and "a bride against her mother-in-law."

   Luke 4:38Mark 1:30Matthew 8:14Luke 12:53Matthew 10:35

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across these verses, the APB presents the woman as "mother-in-law," both in Simon's or Peter's household and in family-division pairings. This rendering is confirmed by the clauses rather than treated as a separate lexical distinction.