muron is a fragrant substance used for anointing, prepared with spices, and listed among goods for trade.

The attested use is a fragrant substance applied in acts of anointing, including anointing of feet, head, and body; it is also prepared alongside spices and appears in a list of goods. The same substance is discussed as valuable enough to sell in John 12:5 and Mark 14:5.

1. Fragrant substance for anointing · dominant

   The noun identifies the substance used when women anoint Jesus: in John 12:3 the APB renders Mary taking a valuable substance, anointing his feet, and filling the house with its fragrance; in Mark 14:3 it is poured on his head. In Matthew 26:12, the accusative singular occurs with pouring it on his body in preparation for burial, while Luke 23:56 places the plural among preparations made with spices.

   John 12:3Luke 7:38Mark 14:3Matthew 26:12Luke 23:56Revelation 18:13

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB regularly presents the term as “ointment,” including valuable nard in John 12:3 and Mark 14:3. In Luke 23:56 it uses the plural “ointments” alongside “spices”; these renderings reflect whole-verse translation rather than word-by-word alignment.