akatharsia denotes defiling conduct set among sexual sin, greed, lawlessness, and dishonor of the body.

The attested usage consistently concerns defiling conduct: it appears in vice lists, in warnings against practices that dishonor bodies, and in contrasts with sanctification, righteousness, and holiness. Matthew 23:27 extends the same language to the inward condition pictured by a beautiful grave filled with death and uncleanness.

1. Defiling conduct and inward uncleanness · dominant

   In Galatians 5:19 and Ephesians 5:3, the nominative form stands within lists alongside sexual immorality and other prohibited conduct; the APB renders those clauses with “impurity.” In Romans 1:24 and Romans 6:19, the accusative and dative forms occur in statements about dishonoring bodies and presenting members as slaves, while Matthew 23:27 uses the genitive form for what fills the inside of outwardly beautiful graves.

   Galatians 5:19Ephesians 5:3Romans 1:24Romans 6:19Matthew 23:27Colossians 3:5

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly presents the relevant clauses with “impurity,” including 1 Thessalonians 4:7, Romans 1:24, and Colossians 3:5; in Matthew 23:27 it uses “uncleanness.” These are renderings of whole translated verses rather than definitions.