sha.qar describes false or unfaithful dealing, including lying and failing to keep a stated commitment.

The attested clauses chiefly place sha.qar in denials or prohibitions of false dealing: conduct toward another person, the truthfulness of speech, and faithfulness to a covenant or spoken words.

1. False dealing or untruthfulness · dominant

   In Genesis 21:23, the second-masculine-singular Qal imperfect occurs in an oath request concerning conduct toward the speaker, his offspring, and his progeny; the APB renders the clause “you will not deal falsely with me.” In Leviticus 19:11, Isaiah 63:8, and 1 Samuel 15:29, Piel imperfect forms occur in clauses rejecting false conduct or untruthfulness; the APB renders these settings with “deal falsely” and “lie.” Psalm 89:34 places a first-common-singular Piel imperfect in a declaration about covenant and what goes forth from the speaker's lips, though the translation does not isolate the term's contribution.

   Genesis 21:23Leviticus 19:11Isaiah 63:81 Samuel 15:29Psalm 89:34

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the relevant clauses with “deal falsely” in Genesis 21:23, Isaiah 63:8, and Leviticus 19:11, and with “lie” in 1 Samuel 15:29. Its wording in Psalm 44:18 and Psalm 89:34 does not isolate this term.