pa.ras identifies Persia in passages about a kingdom, its rulers, and its people.

The term designates Persia in settings involving Persian rulers and royal authority: Daniel 5:28 names the Persians alongside the Medes, while Ezra 4:24 and Ezra 6:14 identify Darius and Artaxerxes as king of Persia.

1. Persia in royal and national settings · dominant

   In Daniel 5:28, the determined masculine singular Gentilic form occurs in the announcement that the kingdom is given to the Medes and Persians. The proper-noun forms in Ezra 4:24 and Ezra 6:14 occur with Darius and Artaxerxes; in Ezra 6:14 the APB renders the clause "Artaxerxes king of Persia."

   Daniel 5:28Ezra 4:24Ezra 6:14

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB explicitly presents the term through "Persians" in Daniel 5:28 and "king of Persia" in Ezra 4:24 and Ezra 6:14. In Daniel 6:9, Daniel 6:13, and Daniel 6:16, it refers simply to "the king" in the translation, so the term's individual contribution is not isolated there.