pa.lash describes a bodily act of rolling or wallowing in ashes or dust in scenes of mourning and lament.

The attested passages show an act of rolling or wallowing in ashes or dust within public expressions of grief, lament, and impending calamity.

1. Rolling in ashes or dust in mourning · dominant

   In Ezekiel 27:30, the Hithpael imperfect plural occurs amid bitter crying, raising dust on the head, and the APB rendering "they wallow in ashes." The imperatives in Jeremiah 25:34 and Jeremiah 6:26 accompany wailing, sackcloth, and bitter lament, while Micah 1:10 places the first-person perfect form in the instruction to wallow in dust.

   Ezekiel 27:30Jeremiah 25:34Jeremiah 6:26Micah 1:10

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the action with "wallow" in Ezekiel 27:30, Jeremiah 25:34, and Micah 1:10, and with "roll in ashes" in Jeremiah 6:26. These are translation renderings of whole clauses.