a.ra.vah denotes willows, pictured beside streams or torrents and used as gathered branches or places for hanging lyres.

The attested use denotes willows, especially as vegetation associated with a torrent or stream: they are gathered as branches in Leviticus 23:40, stand by the torrent in Job 40:22 and Isaiah 15:7, grow beside water in Isaiah 44:4, and provide the setting for hung lyres in Psalm 137:2.

1. Willow trees and their branches near water · dominant

   The plural noun identifies willows in water-associated settings: in Leviticus 23:40 the APB renders them among the items taken on the first day as “willows of the torrent,” while Job 40:22 likewise places them at a torrent. Isaiah 44:4 renders them as growing “upon streams of water”; Isaiah 15:7 locates a burden at “the torrent of the willows,” and Psalm 137:2 places lyres on willows in the midst of the setting.

   Leviticus 23:40Job 40:22Isaiah 44:4Isaiah 15:7Psalm 137:2

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB consistently uses “willows,” adding watercourse language in “willows of the torrent” and “willows upon streams of water.” These phrases confirm the verse settings rather than establish a separate rendering for each form.