a.qov describes a treacherous or deceptive quality, applied to a city marked by blood and to the heart.

The attested use describes treacherous or deceptive character: Hosea 6:8 applies it to Gilead amid evil-doing and blood, while Jeremiah 17:9 applies it to the heart in a clause the APB renders as deceitful and desperately sick.

1. Treacherous or deceptive character · dominant

   In Hosea 6:8, the feminine singular adjective occurs in the description of Gilead, where the APB renders the city as occupied by those who work evil and “treacherous with blood.” In Jeremiah 17:9, the masculine singular adjective describes the heart; the APB renders the clause, “The heart is deceitful above all things and desperately sick.”

   Hosea 6:8Jeremiah 17:9

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the surrounding clauses with “treacherous with blood” in Hosea 6:8 and “deceitful” in Jeremiah 17:9. These renderings confirm the clauses' negative characterization without isolating a precise English equivalent in each verse.