na.qar denotes digging or gouging, especially the removal of eyes, and also describes a pit being dug or night digging at bones.

The dominant attested use is gouging or putting out eyes; the same verb also occurs of a pit being dug and of night digging at bones. The forms and clauses distinguish an inflicted action on eyes from excavation imagery and the bodily description in Job.

1. Gouging or putting out eyes · dominant

   Four occurrences place the action directly on eyes: the Qal infinitive construct in 1 Samuel 11:2 states the condition of gouging out every right eye, while the Piel forms in Judges 16:21 and Numbers 16:14 concern eyes being dug out or put out. In Proverbs 30:17, the Qal imperfect describes ravens acting on the eye that mocks a father; the APB renders the clauses with “dug out,” “put out,” and “pick it out.”

   1 Samuel 11:2Judges 16:21Numbers 16:14Proverbs 30:17
2. Digging a pit · rare

   In Isaiah 51:1, the Pual perfect addresses those looking to the hole of the pit from which they were dug. The APB renders the clause “the hole of the pit from which you were dug.”

   Isaiah 51:1
3. Digging at bones · rare

   In Job 30:17, the Piel perfect has night as the clause's agent and bones as the affected object. The APB renders the clause “Night digs at my bones within me.”

   Job 30:17

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across the verses, the APB uses “gouging out,” “dug out,” “put out,” and “pick it out” for eye-directed clauses, while it uses “dug” for the pit and “digs at” for bones. These are verse-level renderings rather than definitions.