e.sar is a binding obligation associated with a vow and subject to a father’s or husband’s confirmation or breaking.

The term denotes a binding obligation placed upon a person, regularly paired with vows and treated as something a father or husband may allow to stand or break. Its attested use remains within this setting, including an obligation connected with afflicting the soul.

1. A binding obligation made upon oneself · dominant

   In Numbers 30:3, the singular absolute form occurs where a woman binds the obligation in her father’s house; in Numbers 30:4, it is something she has bound upon her soul and that may stand when her father remains quiet. Numbers 30:13 places the construct form in the phrase rendered by the APB as “every oath of injunction to afflict the soul,” while Numbers 30:8 and Numbers 30:12 show the obligation within material that a husband may break.

   Numbers 30:3Numbers 30:4Numbers 30:8Numbers 30:12Numbers 30:13Numbers 30:14

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly presents the term with “injunction,” as in Numbers 30:3 and Numbers 30:14, and in a plural setting with “injunctions” in Numbers 30:5. In Numbers 30:6 and Numbers 30:8, the corresponding clause is rendered “a rash word of her lips”; This variation does not establish a separate lexical use.