a.yav denotes taking an adversarial stance toward enemies in Exodus 23:22.

The sole attested use describes God’s stated opposition toward the enemies of those who obey his voice in Exodus 23:22.

1. Opposing enemies · dominant

   In Exodus 23:22, the sequential perfect first-person singular form occurs in God’s promise concerning “your enemies” after the condition of listening and doing what he says. The APB renders the clause, “I will oppose your enemies,” while also presenting hostility toward those who harass the addressees.

   Exodus 23:22

In the Anselm Project Bible: In Exodus 23:22, the APB presents the clause as “I will oppose your enemies.” This wording confirms the clause’s adversarial setting without isolating every contribution of the Hebrew form.