Huperephanos describes people portrayed as opposed by God, scattered, or listed among destructive human traits.

The term consistently marks people depicted negatively: God opposes them while giving grace to the humble or lowly, they are scattered in the thoughts of their hearts, and they appear in vice lists alongside other condemned conduct.

1. People marked by self-exalting conduct · dominant

   In 1 Peter 5:5 and James 4:6, the dative plural masculine form occurs in the clause where God opposes such people but gives grace to the lowly or humble. In Luke 1:51, the accusative plural masculine form identifies those scattered “in the thoughts of their hearts,” while Romans 1:30 and 2 Timothy 3:2 place the accusative and nominative plural forms within lists of condemned human behavior; in each verse the APB renders the relevant group as “the arrogant” or “arrogant.”

   1 Peter 5:5James 4:6Luke 1:51Romans 1:302 Timothy 3:2

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across all five verses, the APB uses “arrogant” or “the arrogant” in the relevant clauses and lists. These renderings confirm the verses' presentation rather than isolate every contribution of the Greek form.