pleonazo describes growth or increase in matters such as love, faith, grace, sin, and fruitful results.

The attested use chiefly describes something becoming greater or growing, whether love and faith among believers, grace and thanksgiving, or qualities and fruit. In the Romans clauses, it also marks the increase of trespass, sin, and grace within the stated contrast.

1. Growth in qualities, love, and results · dominant

   In 1 Thessalonians 3:12 the aorist active optative occurs in a prayer that love toward one another and all may grow. Present participial and indicative forms describe increasing qualities and results: in 2 Peter 1:8 the APB renders the clause “these things are yours and are increasing,” in 2 Thessalonians 1:3 it says faith and mutual love increase, and in Philippians 4:17 it speaks of fruit that increases to an account. The participial use in 2 Corinthians 4:15 is set in the clause where grace has increased through the greater number and thanksgiving abounds.

   1 Thessalonians 3:122 Corinthians 4:152 Peter 1:82 Thessalonians 1:3Philippians 4:17
2. Increase in an excess or contrast · common

   In 2 Corinthians 8:15 the aorist active indicative stands in the contrast between gathering much with nothing left over and gathering little with no lack. In Romans 5:20 and Romans 6:1, the aorist active subjunctive occurs in clauses about trespass or sin increasing and grace increasing; Romans 5:20 further contrasts sin’s increase with grace abounding much more.

   2 Corinthians 8:15Romans 5:20Romans 6:1

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB commonly presents the clauses with “increase,” “increased,” or “increasing,” while 2 Corinthians 8:15 expresses the result as having “nothing left over.” These renderings show the verse-level presentation rather than fixed English equivalents.