Kauma denotes scorching heat that harms people or is absent from the promised state in Revelation.

The two occurrences depict scorching heat in contrasting settings: people are scorched by it in Revelation 16:9, while Revelation 7:16 says it will not strike those described there.

1. Scorching heat as harmful exposure · dominant

   In Revelation 16:9, the accusative singular form occurs in the statement that humans were scorched; the APB renders the verse with “great heat.” In Revelation 7:16, the nominative singular form appears in the assurance that neither the sun nor “any scorching heat” will strike them. These clauses show the same harmful heat, once experienced and once excluded.

   Revelation 16:9Revelation 7:16

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the term’s setting as “great heat” in Revelation 16:9 and “any scorching heat” in Revelation 7:16. These phrases confirm the clauses' portrayal rather than establish separate meanings.