katapipto describes falling down, whether seed falls onto rock, people fall to the ground, or an expected fatal collapse is imagined.

The attested uses describe downward falling: seed falls onto rock in Luke 8:6, people fall to the ground in Acts 26:14, and Acts 28:6 presents an anticipated sudden collapse leading to death.

1. Downward falling or collapse · dominant

   In Luke 8:6, the aorist active indicative form occurs in the clause about seed falling on rock; the APB renders the verse, “And other seed fell on the rock.” In Acts 26:14, the aorist active participle describes all having fallen to the ground, while Acts 28:6 uses a present active infinitive for the expected event that someone might “suddenly fall down dead.”

   Luke 8:6Acts 26:14Acts 28:6

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the occurrences as seed that “fell on the rock,” people who had “fallen to the ground,” and an expected person who might “fall down dead.” These English phrases render whole clauses.