Ekdikeo denotes seeking or carrying out redress against wrongdoing, whether requested, prohibited as self-action, or executed in judgment.

The attested use concerns redress against wrongdoing: it is requested against an opponent, withheld from self-action, and carried out through judgment or punishment. The verses apply this action to a widow’s opponent, disobedience, the blood of servants, and those responsible for wrongdoing.

1. Seeking or executing redress for wrongdoing · dominant

   In Luke 18:3 and Luke 18:5, the widow repeatedly seeks action against her opponent; the APB renders the request and response with “Grant me justice” and “I will grant her justice.” In Romans 12:19, self-directed action is prohibited; Revelation 6:10 asks when blood will be answered against earthly dwellers, Revelation 19:2 describes judgment concerning the servants’ blood, and 2 Corinthians 10:6 speaks of punishing disobedience.

   Luke 18:3Luke 18:5Romans 12:19Revelation 6:10Revelation 19:22 Corinthians 10:6

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the action with “justice” in Luke 18:3 and Luke 18:5, “avenge” in Romans 12:19, Revelation 6:10, and Revelation 19:2, and “punish” in 2 Corinthians 10:6. These are renderings of whole clauses in a translation.