sha.tah denotes foundations portrayed as being crushed or overthrown.

The attested plural forms refer to foundations in scenes where they are destroyed: crushed in Isaiah 19:10 and overthrown in Psalm 11:3.

1. Foundations under destruction · dominant

   In Isaiah 19:10, the plural construct form occurs in the clause the APB renders “Its foundations will be crushed.” In Psalm 11:3, the plural absolute form occurs where the APB renders “For the foundations are overthrown.”

   Isaiah 19:10Psalm 11:3

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the plural term as “foundations” in both verses, describing them as “crushed” in Isaiah 19:10 and “overthrown” in Psalm 11:3. These descriptions confirm the clauses' overall presentation rather than establish finer distinctions.