sur denotes exercising rule, clearly shown where Abimelech rules over Israel.

The supplied evidence points to exercising rule: Judges 9:22 places the form in the statement that Abimelech ruled over Israel, while Hosea 12:5 contains the same verbal morphology in a clause whose specific contribution is not isolated by the translation.

1. Exercise rule over a people · dominant

   In Judges 9:22, the Qal sequential imperfect form occurs in the clause about Abimelech and Israel; the APB renders the verse, “Abimelech reigned over Israel three years.” Hosea 12:5 has the same supplied morphology, but its APB wording about the LORD's memorial name does not make the term's specific contribution clear.

   Judges 9:22Hosea 12:5

In the Anselm Project Bible: In Judges 9:22, the APB presents the clause with “reigned over Israel.” In Hosea 12:5, the translation gives a statement about the LORD's memorial name, so it does not isolate a corresponding English rendering for this form.