qav denotes a repeated line-like unit in the formula “line upon line” in Isaiah.

The attested use is a repeated line-like unit in the formula paired with “command upon command”; both verses repeat the same construction, with the later verse placing it within a warning of stumbling, breaking, snaring, and capture.

1. Repeated line in a formula · dominant

   In Isaiah 28:10, four masculine singular absolute forms occur in the repeated pattern that the APB renders “line upon line, line upon line,” alongside the repeated “command upon command.” Isaiah 28:13 repeats that same pattern before the clause about going, stumbling backward, being broken, snared, and captured.

   Isaiah 28:10Isaiah 28:13

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across Isaiah 28:10 and Isaiah 28:13, the APB presents the repeated clause as “line upon line, line upon line.” This rendering confirms the verse-level pattern rather than isolating each occurrence individually.