ma.a.shaq.qah denotes oppressive practices, rejected by the righteous and associated with an unwise leader.

The attested use concerns oppressive practices: Isaiah 33:15 places them among conduct the righteous reject, while Proverbs 28:16 associates them with a leader lacking understanding.

1. Oppressive practices in moral and political conduct · dominant

   Both occurrences use the feminine plural absolute form. In Isaiah 33:15 the term occurs in a description of the righteous person rejecting wrongful gain; the APB renders the surrounding clause "who rejects gain from extortion." In Proverbs 28:16 it characterizes the conduct connected with a leader lacking understanding; the APB renders "A leader lacking understanding with many oppressions."

   Isaiah 33:15Proverbs 28:16

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the term’s setting with "extortion" in Isaiah 33:15 and "oppressions" in Proverbs 28:16. These renderings indicate the clauses’ overall presentation rather than a precise word-for-word equivalence.