cha.saph denotes the clay component of the image’s feet and toes, contrasted and mixed with iron in Daniel’s vision.

The term consistently names the clay in the image’s feet and toes and in its mixture with iron; the verses also include that clay among the materials crushed by the stone.

1. Clay in the image’s iron-and-clay feet · dominant

   In Daniel 2:33 the absolute singular occurs in the description of feet partly of iron and partly of clay. Daniel 2:41, Daniel 2:42, and Daniel 2:43 continue this image, with the APB rendering clay as the material paired or mixed with iron in the feet, toes, and their comparison.

   Daniel 2:33Daniel 2:41Daniel 2:42Daniel 2:43
2. Clay among the image’s crushed materials · common

   In Daniel 2:34 and Daniel 2:35, the determined singular occurs where the stone strikes the image’s feet and the materials, including clay, are crushed. Daniel 2:45 likewise includes clay among the materials crushed by the stone.

   Daniel 2:34Daniel 2:35Daniel 2:45

In the Anselm Project Bible: Across the occurrences, the APB consistently presents the material as “clay,” including “potter’s clay” in Daniel 2:41. This rendering is confirmed by the repeated material clauses rather than assigned token by token.