Hupodema denotes footwear, worn on the feet, carried for travel, removed, or mentioned in acts of service.

The occurrences consistently refer to footwear: it is included or excluded in travel provisions, put on someone’s feet or taken off, and mentioned in statements of unworthiness to carry or untie it.

1. Footwear in practical and symbolic actions · dominant

   The noun names an item of footwear in several concrete settings. In Luke 10:4 and Matthew 10:10, the accusative plural occurs among items not to be taken for the road; in Acts 7:33 the accusative singular is the item to be taken off, while Luke 15:22 has footwear put on the returned son’s feet. In John 1:27 and Mark 1:7, the genitive forms occur in the clause about not being worthy to untie its strap.

   Luke 10:4Matthew 10:10Acts 7:33Luke 15:22John 1:27Mark 1:7

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB regularly presents the item as “sandals,” including travel instructions, removal from holy ground, and footwear placed on someone’s feet. In the sayings about untying or carrying it, the translation also speaks of a “strap” and “sandals”; these renderings reflect whole clauses.