Hupnos denotes bodily sleep and, in an exhortation, the state from which hearers are told to arise.

The term most often denotes bodily sleep: people are asleep, burdened by it, or rise from it; in Romans 13:11 it is used in an exhortation to arise as salvation draws nearer.

1. Bodily sleep · dominant

   The dative singular forms occur where Eutychus sinks into a deep sleep in Acts 20:9 and where Peter and his companions are burdened with sleep in Luke 9:32. The genitive singular forms occur as Joseph rises from sleep in Matthew 1:24 and in the contrast between death and ordinary sleep in John 11:13; in John 11:13 the APB renders the contrast as "ordinary sleep."

   Acts 20:9Luke 9:32Matthew 1:24John 11:13
2. Sleep from which to arise in exhortation · occasional

   In Romans 13:11, the genitive singular form stands in the call to arise out from sleep because salvation is nearer. The APB renders the clause "to arise out from sleep," presenting sleep as the state the hearers are urged to leave.

   Romans 13:11

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the term with "deep sleep," "ordinary sleep," and being burdened by or arising from sleep. These phrases confirm the clauses' presentation rather than supply separate definitions.