Sugcheo describes people or a gathering being thrown into confusion, or actively being unsettled by speech or agitation.

The dominant attested use describes a multitude, assembly, or city as being in a confused state; the active forms describe causing such disturbance, whether by proving a claim against opponents or by stirring up a crowd.

1. Being thrown into confusion · dominant

   The passive forms depict collective confusion: in Acts 2:6 the multitude gathers while each person hears speech in his own language, and the APB renders them "confounded." In Acts 19:32 the assembly has competing cries and does not know why it assembled, while Acts 21:31 reports that all Jerusalem was "in confusion."

   Acts 2:6Acts 19:32Acts 21:31
2. Actively unsettling opponents or a crowd · common

   The active forms occur where Saul confronts Jews by proving his claim, which the APB renders "confounded" in Acts 9:22, and where Jews from Asia begin to "stir up the whole crowd" in Acts 21:27. Both clauses show an action that produces disturbance in those addressed or gathered.

   Acts 9:22Acts 21:27

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the passive occurrences with "confounded" and "in confusion," while the active occurrences are rendered "confounded" and "stir up the whole crowd." These renderings indicate the verse-level presentation rather than fixed English equivalents.