paroikos describes people situated as outsiders rather than belonging within a land or household.

The term marks people as outsiders in relation to a land or community: Moses becomes such a person in Midian, offspring live in another land, believers are addressed alongside exiles, and Ephesians contrasts this status with membership in God’s household.

1. Outsider in a land or community · dominant

   In Acts 7:29, the nominative singular form describes Moses after he fled to Midian; the APB renders the verse, “Moses fled and became a foreigner in the land of Midian.” Acts 7:6 speaks of offspring in a land belonging to others, while 1 Peter 2:11 addresses plural recipients alongside “sojourners and exiles”; Ephesians 2:19 contrasts being “foreigners and sojourners” with being fellow citizens and household members.

   Acts 7:29Acts 7:61 Peter 2:11Ephesians 2:19

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the status with “foreigner” in Acts 7:29 and “foreigners” in Acts 7:6 and Ephesians 2:19, while 1 Peter 2:11 places it with “sojourners and exiles.” These phrases show the verses’ presentation rather than a fixed English equivalent.