Paraptoma denotes a wrongdoing treated as needing forgiveness, capable of bringing condemnation, or requiring restoration.

The term denotes wrongdoing in contexts where such acts are forgiven, left uncounted, or require restoration; the same term can also be presented as the act through which condemnation, death, or wider consequences come.

1. Wrongdoing with forgiveness or consequence · dominant

   Plural forms identify acts that may be forgiven or not counted: in Matthew 6:14 and Ephesians 1:7 the APB renders clauses about forgiving and “the forgiveness of trespasses,” while 2 Corinthians 5:19 speaks of God not counting them. The singular dative in Galatians 6:1 occurs in the clause about a person overtaken and needing restoration, and the singular genitive in Romans 5:18 occurs in the clause where condemnation comes through one such act.

   Matthew 6:14Ephesians 1:72 Corinthians 5:19Galatians 6:1Romans 5:18Colossians 2:13

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB regularly uses “trespass” or “trespasses” in these clauses, including contexts of forgiveness, reconciliation, restoration, death, and condemnation. These renderings confirm the verse-level presentation rather than isolate every contribution of the Greek form.