paramutheomai describes offering support to people who are fainthearted or grieving.

Across the supplied verses, the verb denotes support directed toward people in distress: the fainthearted are addressed in 1 Thessalonians 5:14, while those affected by a brother's death are the object of the action in John 11:19 and John 11:31.

1. Supporting the fainthearted and grieving · dominant

   In 1 Thessalonians 5:14, the present middle plural form occurs in an instruction concerning the fainthearted; the APB renders the clause “encourage the fainthearted.” In John 11:19 and John 11:31, present participial and aorist subjunctive forms describe Jews who had come to Martha and Mary and were with Mary after her brother's death; the APB renders them as coming “in order that they might encourage them” and as “encouraging her.” In 1 Thessalonians 2:12, the present participle stands with pleading and testifying as the recipients are urged to walk worthily of God.

   1 Thessalonians 2:121 Thessalonians 5:14John 11:19John 11:31

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB uses “encouraging” or “encourage” in all four supplied verses. Because it is a whole-verse translation, this rendering confirms the clauses' overall presentation without isolating every contribution of the Greek form.