aletheuo denotes acting or speaking truthfully, whether truth is expressed in love or addressed directly.

The two present active participles show truthful expression in two settings: speech joined with love and direct truth-telling that provokes hostility.

1. Expressing truth in speech · dominant

   In Ephesians 4:15, the nominative plural masculine present active participle occurs in the clause about speaking truth in love and growing into Christ; the APB renders the clause “speaking the truth in love.” In Galatians 4:16, the nominative singular masculine present active participle occurs in a question about becoming an enemy through direct truth-telling; the APB renders it “by telling you the truth.”

   Ephesians 4:15Galatians 4:16

In the Anselm Project Bible: The APB presents the participle as “speaking the truth” in Ephesians 4:15 and “telling you the truth” in Galatians 4:16. These are clause-level renderings rather than definitions.