The Anselm Project Bible · The Crux Registry

Judges 18:30, the letter that hangs in the air

Judges 18:30 can say grandson of Moses or grandson of Manasseh. The WLC writes Manasseh with a suspended nun, while the Vulgate reads Moses.

משה
mosheh, Moses
מנשה
menasheh, Manasseh
In the Hebrew manuscripts the nun of “Manasseh” is written floating above the line, a letter visibly inserted to keep an idolatrous priest out of Moses' family.
IThe Text

The APB text at this verse

The sons of Dan set up the idol for themselves. Jonathan son of Gershom son of Manasseh and his sons served as priests to the tribe of the Danites until the day the land went into exile.
Judges 18:30 (source numbering) · Anselm Project Bible
IIThe Witnesses

The manuscripts, editions, and versions

Masoretic Text (Westminster Leningrad Codex)
MT · codex A.D. 1008; tradition centuries older
מנשה menasheh, Manasseh (with suspended nun)
The WLC transmits the raised-nun form; remove the hanging letter and the name is Moses. The WLC has מנשה with a suspended nun; its row says removing the hanging letter yields Moses. Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (WLC)
Vulgate
Vg · translation, c. A.D. 400
filii Moysi, son of Moses
Jerome names Moses outright, as do some Greek manuscripts. The Vulgate reads filii Moysi, and its row lists it as support for Moses. Biblia Sacra Vulgata (academic-bible.com)
supports if mosessupports if manasseh
IIIThe Committee

The committee record at this verse

The APB's translation committee works blind: it is never told it is translating the Bible, never given a book name or a verse number, and it never sees the witnesses above. Since revision 3.5, the places where the manuscripts disagree are decided before translation by three readers, Grok 4.3, GPT-6 Astra, and Claude Fable 5.1, who see the readings and the witnesses by age and class but never a reference or a manuscript name. Whatever was done at this verse was done on the language and the evidence alone, and the record is public.

Committee recordaudit verdict: clean

The committee's printed text reads, "Jonathan son of Gershom son of Manasseh and his sons served as priests to the tribe of the Danites until the day the land went into exile." Its pericope audit verdict is "clean," and no rationale note matches this crux.

IVThe Arguments

The argument for each reading

If Moses

The case for משה is supported by the Vulgate, which reads filii Moysi and is listed for Moses. The packet says that Jerome names Moses outright. The WLC row also describes the raised-nun form in a way that can be read toward this result: removing the hanging letter produces Moses. In the verse's genealogy, this reading names Moses after Gershom, so Jonathan is presented as Moses' grandson. The issue is therefore not a change in Jonathan's priestly activity, which the verse still reports, but the ancestor named in that line.

If Manasseh

The case for מנשה begins with the Masoretic Text (Westminster Leningrad Codex), which reads Manasseh and supports reading B. Its form has a suspended nun, and the WLC transmits that raised-nun form. Read as written, the genealogy names Manasseh after Gershom. The visual feature is central to the question: the packet describes the nun as floating above the line, visibly inserted to keep an idolatrous priest out of Moses' family. This reading preserves the name that the WLC actually presents, including its unusual letter.

Which ancestor should be read in Jonathan's genealogy remains unresolved by the supplied witnesses. The difference changes Moses or Manasseh as the named ancestor. It does not change the verse's report that Jonathan and his sons served as priests to the Danites. The supplied material does not decide broader doctrinal conclusions.

VQuestions

Common questions

Does Judges 18:30 say Moses or Manasseh?

The WLC reads Manasseh with a suspended nun, while the Vulgate reads Moses. The supplied witnesses therefore present both names.

Why is there a floating nun in Judges 18:30?

The packet describes the nun in Manasseh as floating above the line, visibly inserted to keep an idolatrous priest out of Moses' family.

What does the committee's printed text say?

The committee's printed text has Jonathan as son of Gershom, son of Manasseh. Its pericope audit verdict is clean, with no rationale note matching this crux.

VIThe Registry

Related entries

Witness readings for critical editions are quoted from the SBLGNT apparatus (CC BY 4.0); Hebrew text from the Westminster Leningrad Codex (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible). Readings of ancient manuscripts and versions are cited as published scholarly fact with their sources linked above. The page does not declare which reading is original.

The registry gives no verdict

The registry does not say which reading is original. Each page lists the witnesses, shows what the committee did with the same text, and leaves the judgment to the reader.