The Anselm Project Bible · The Crux Registry

1 Samuel 6:19, did God strike down 50,070 men?

The evidence here preserves both seventy men and 50,070 men at 1 Samuel 6:19, without resolving between them. The Hebrew stacks the figures without “and,” while the Greek supplies it.

שבעים איש
shiv'im ish, seventy men
שבעים איש חמשים אלף איש
shiv'im ish chamishim elef ish, seventy men — fifty thousand men
The received Hebrew stacks two numbers side by side with no “and” between them; the town could scarcely have held fifty thousand.
IThe Text

The APB text at this verse

The LORD struck down the men of Beth-shemesh because they had looked into the ark of the LORD; he struck the people with seventy men and fifty thousand men, and the people mourned because the LORD had inflicted a great slaughter upon them.
1 Samuel 6:19 (source numbering) · Anselm Project Bible
IIThe Witnesses

The manuscripts, editions, and versions

Masoretic Text (Westminster Leningrad Codex)
MT · codex A.D. 1008; tradition centuries older
שבעים איש חמשים אלף איש shiv'im ish chamishim elef ish, seventy men, fifty thousand men
The received text carries both numbers, joined by nothing, grammar so strained that translators have argued over it ever since. The Masoretic Text carries both numbers without a joining word; its row describes the resulting grammar as strained. Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible (WLC)
Septuagint
LXX · translation, c. 2nd century B.C.
ἑβδομήκοντα ἄνδρας καὶ πεντήκοντα χιλιάδας ἀνδρῶν, seventy men and fifty thousand men
The Greek keeps both figures but supplies the missing “and.” The Septuagint retains both figures but adds καὶ, supplying the “and” absent from the Hebrew wording. Septuagint (Rahlfs-Hanhart, academic-bible.com)
Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews VI
Josephus · history, 1st century A.D.
seventy men, seventy — no larger number
Retelling the story, Josephus counts only seventy struck down, as if his text of Samuel lacked the fifty thousand. Josephus retells the event with seventy struck down and no larger figure, as though his Samuel text lacked fifty thousand. Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews (Project Gutenberg)
supports if seventysupports if 50,070
IIIThe Committee

The committee record at this verse

The APB's translation committee works blind: it is never told it is translating the Bible, never given a book name or a verse number, and it never sees the witnesses above. Since revision 3.5, the places where the manuscripts disagree are decided before translation by three readers, Grok 4.3, GPT-6 Astra, and Claude Fable 5.1, who see the readings and the witnesses by age and class but never a reference or a manuscript name. Whatever was done at this verse was done on the language and the evidence alone, and the record is public.

Committee recordsegment_019: "seventy men and fifty thousand men"audit verdict: cleanrelease apb_v3_final

“Preserved exact numbers and repetition of 'men' to maintain formal equivalence without smoothing.”

The blind committee printed both figures in its translation: “seventy men and fifty thousand men.” Its note says it preserved the exact numbers and the repetition of 'men' “to maintain formal equivalence without smoothing.” The pericope audit verdict was “clean.” This record describes a translation choice to retain the supplied wording, not a decision between the competing witness patterns.
IVThe Arguments

The argument for each reading

If seventy

Reading A is supported here by Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews VI, a history from the 1st century A.D. Its retelling counts seventy men struck down and gives no larger number. That presentation fits a text in which the count ended with seventy, rather than one containing a second figure of fifty thousand. The local consideration supplied in the packet also bears on the question: Beth-shemesh could scarcely have held fifty thousand people. On this reading, the reported death toll is seventy, and the verse’s description of mourning after a great blow remains in place.

If 50,070

Reading B has the support of two listed textual forms. The Masoretic Text reads שבעים איש חמשים אלף איש, preserving seventy men followed by fifty thousand men. Its wording places the numbers beside each other without a joining word, a construction the packet describes as grammatically strained. The Septuagint likewise keeps both figures, reading ἑβδομήκοντα ἄνδρας καὶ πεντήκοντα χιλιάδας ἀνδρῶν, but makes the relationship explicit by supplying “and.” On this reading, the verse reports seventy men and fifty thousand men, despite the numerical and local-scale difficulty noted in the packet.

The remaining uncertainty is whether the larger figure belonged to the form behind the seventy-only retelling, or whether both numbers should stand despite the strained Hebrew construction and the town’s apparent scale. The variant changes the reported number struck down, from seventy to seventy plus fifty thousand. It does not remove the verse’s account of a strike, mourning, or a great blow. No doctrine is settled by this numerical question; doctrines ordinarily rest on many passages.

VQuestions

Common questions

Does 1 Samuel 6:19 say 50,070 men died?

The listed Masoretic Text and Septuagint preserve seventy men plus fifty thousand men. Josephus preserves only seventy. The packet does not resolve which count should be preferred.

Why is the number in 1 Samuel 6:19 disputed?

The Hebrew places the two numbers side by side with no “and,” and the packet says the grammar is strained. The Septuagint supplies “and,” while Josephus has no larger number.

What did the blind committee print at 1 Samuel 6:19?

It printed seventy men and fifty thousand men, preserving the exact numbers and repeated men without smoothing.

VIThe Registry

The registry gives no verdict

The registry does not say which reading is original. Each page lists the witnesses, shows what the committee did with the same text, and leaves the judgment to the reader.