The Anselm Project Bible · The Crux Registry

Mark 16:9-20 — the ending that isn't in the oldest copies

Whether Mark 16:9-20 is original is unresolved in this packet: reading A ends at ἐφοβοῦντο γάρ in 16:8, while reading B adds 16:9-20. The packet does not say why the two oldest complete Bibles stop there.

ἐφοβοῦντο γάρ
ephobounto gar — “…for they were afraid.” — the book ends
+ 16:9-20
twelve more verses: appearances, signs, ascension
The two oldest complete Bibles end Mark mid-scene at verse 8. Twelve further verses — snakes, signs, and the ascension — arrive later in the tradition.
IThe Reading

What the APB prints.

And going out, they fled from the grave, for trembling and amazement had seized them, and they said nothing to anyone, for they were afraid. Then they briefly proclaimed all the things commanded to those about Peter. After these things Jesus himself also sent out through them from east to sunset the sacred and incorruptible preaching of eternal salvation. Amen.
Mark 16:8 (source numbering) · Anselm Project Bible
IIThe Witnesses

Every witness, on the record.

Nestle-Aland 28
NA28 · critical edition, 2012
γάρ…the text ends at 16:8 (longer ending bracketed)
Modern critical editions print 16:9-20 double-bracketed as an early addition. NA28 ends the text at 16:8 and double-brackets 16:9-20 as an early addition. SBLGNT apparatus (Faithlife, CC BY 4.0)
Robinson-Pierpont Byzantine Textform
RP · Byzantine majority edition, 2005
9–20the longer ending stands as text
Tregelles and the Byzantine text carry 16:9-20; the NIV notes an intermediate ending besides. RP prints 16:9-20 as text; its witness note also reports an intermediate ending in the NIV. SBLGNT apparatus (Faithlife, CC BY 4.0)
Codex Sinaiticus & Codex Vaticanus
ℵ B · manuscripts, 4th century A.D.
ἐφοβοῦντο γάρ ephobounto garthe Gospel ends at 16:8
Both great uncials stop at verse 8; Vaticanus leaves a tell-tale blank column. ℵ B, dated 4th century A.D., end at 16:8; the packet notes a blank column in Vaticanus. Codex Sinaiticus digital edition
supports if mark ends at 16:8supports if the twelve verses belong
IIIThe Blind Test

What a blind committee did here.

The APB's translation committee works blind: it is never told it is translating the Bible, never given a book name or a verse number, and it never sees the witnesses above. Whatever it did at this verse, it did on the language alone — and its record is public.

Committee recordaudit verdict: clean

The committee record marks the pericope audit as “clean” and supplies no rationale note for this crux. In the APB, Mark 16:8 first ends with fear and silence, then continues: “Then they briefly proclaimed all the things commanded to those about Peter.” It also prints a further statement about Jesus sending out preaching of eternal salvation.

IVThe Stakes

The case for each reading.

If Mark ends at 16:8

Reading A takes ἐφοβοῦντο γάρ as Mark’s ending: the women flee, say nothing, and are afraid. The packet identifies Codex Sinaiticus & Codex Vaticanus as the two oldest complete Bibles and says both stop at verse 8. It further notes that Vaticanus leaves a blank column. NA28 likewise ends its text at 16:8 and prints 16:9-20 double-bracketed as an early addition. The apparatus distinguishes γὰρ with WH, Treg, and NA28 in its first line, while its second line gives γάρ with WH and NA28 before listing the added verses. On this reading, the abruptness is not removed: Mark ends mid-scene with fear.

If the twelve verses belong

Reading B treats 16:9-20 as part of the Gospel’s text. RP prints verses 9–20 as text, and the raw apparatus lists “+ 9–20 Treg RP.” Those verses supply what the shorter ending does not: appearances, signs, and the ascension. The packet also reports “+ Intermediate ending and 9–20 NIV,” showing that the material after verse 8 was transmitted in more than one form. The stated difference is chronological within the tradition: twelve further verses arrive later in the tradition, while the two oldest complete Bibles end at verse 8. Reading B therefore presents a fuller conclusion, even as the packet preserves the evidence for the shorter one.

The packet leaves unresolved whether the shorter ending alone or the twelve verses belongs with Mark, and it does not explain why the two oldest complete Bibles end at 16:8. The difference changes whether the Gospel includes appearances, signs, and the ascension in this location. The packet does not establish that any doctrine rests on this variant; doctrines commonly draw on many passages.

VThe Registry

More places where the manuscripts argue.

Witness readings for critical editions are quoted from the SBLGNT apparatus (CC BY 4.0); Hebrew text from the Westminster Leningrad Codex (Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible). Readings of ancient manuscripts and versions are cited as published scholarly fact with their sources linked above. Nothing on this page declares a winner — the evidence is the point.

Weigh it yourself.

The registry doesn't tell you which reading is true. It puts every witness on one page, shows what a blind committee did with the same language, and leaves the verdict where it belongs — with the reader.